Voiced Sounds of the Romanian Language
  
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Segmental units

This section is a translation of a section presenting the Romanian segmental units from Toma Ion, Romanian Language (en Romanian), Ed. Niculescu, Bucharest, 1994

"1.  Vowels - segmental subcategory, accent carrier, which shape the syllable nucleus.
The vowels system of the Romanian language includes 7 units: a, ă, î, e, i, o, u şi - see tables below:

Localization and labialization/Aperture
Un-rounded
Rounded
Anterior
Central
Posterior
Close
I
Î
U
Mid
E
Ă
O
Open
-
A
-
Synthetic table

Units /
Distinctive features
A
E
I
Ă
Î
O
U
Open/Not open
+
-
-
-
-
-
-
Close/Not close
-
-
+
-
+
-
+
Central/Not central
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
Anterior/Not anterior
-
+
+
-
-
-
-
Rounded/Not rounded
-
-
-
-
-
+
+
Analytical table

2. Consonants - phonological (phonematics) category which constitutes the syllable satellites. They produce syllable delimitation and thus segmentation of the sonorous flux.
The Romanian language consonants system includes 22 consonants: b, k, k', č, d, f, g, ģ, ğ, h, ž, l, m, n, p, r, s, š, t, ţ, v, z and it is presented in the synthetic and analytical tables below:

Localization/
Manner of articulation
Bilabial
Labiodental
Dental
Prepalatal
Palatal
Velar
Glottal
voiceless
voiced
voiceless
voiced
voiceless
voiced
voiceless
voiced
voiceless
voiced
voiceless
voiced
voiceless
voiced
Non-sonorant Plosives
p
b
-
-
t
d
-
-
k
g
k
g
-
-
Semi-plosives (apical)
-
-
-
-
ţ
-
c
g
-
-
-
-
-
-
Fricatives
-
-
f
v
s
z
s
z
-
-
-
-
-
-
Sonorant Nasal plosives
-
m
-
-
-
n
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Oral liquids lateral
-
-
-
-
-
l
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
vibrating
-
-
-
-
-
r
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Synthetic table

Units/
Distinctive features

p

b

f

v

t

d

s

z

ţ

s

z

c

g

k

g

h

l

r

m

n

k

g

[+/- interrupted]

+

+

-

-

+

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

+

+

-

-

+

+

+

+

+

[+/- continuant]

-

-

+

+

-

-

+

+

-

+

+

-

-

-

-

+

+

-

-

-

-

-

[+/- anterior]

+

+

+

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

+

-

-

-

[+/- posterior]

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

+

+

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

[+/- palatal]

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

+

+

+

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

+

+

[+/- voiced]

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

-

-

+

+

[+/- voiceless]

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

+

+

+

-

+
Analytical table
"
   
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